{
  "creator": [
    "Hlynsson, Jón Ingi",
    "Gustafsson, Oskar",
    "Carlbring, Per"
  ],
  "date": [
    "2024-03-28"
  ],
  "description": [
    "Background: Recent global crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, have contributed to a rise in the global prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders. This study examines the indirect impact of the Ukraine war on emotional disorders within a Swedish clinical population. Method: The sample comprised participants (n = 1,222) actively engaged in an internet-based psychotherapeutic intervention (cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, and waitlist) when the war broke out. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scale and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale were used to measure depression and anxiety. Results: Anxiety and depressive symptom severity increased following the war's onset, with an average weekly increase of 0.77-points for anxiety (p = .001, Cohen's d = 0.08) and 0.09-points for depression (p = .70, Cohen's d = 0.01); however, the increase was negligible for depression. Furthermore, higher socioeconomic status (SES) predicted declines in depression and anxiety during the study period, with a 0.69-point average weekly decrease in anxiety (p < .001, Cohen's d = 0.32) and a 1.09-point decrease in depression (p < .001, Cohen's d = 0.48) per one unit increase in SES, suggesting that SES may serve as a protective factor that buffers against psychopathological development during crises. Conclusions: These findings have implications for mitigating the development of psychopathology during crises and interpreting treatment efficacy estimates during such events. Our findings also emphasize the potential of internet-based psychotherapy in addressing emotional disorders during crises. This study presents up-to-date information about the reaction of treatment-seeking individuals to abrupt uncertainty."
  ],
  "format": [
    "application/pdf",
    "text/html",
    "text/xml"
  ],
  "identifier": [
    "https://cpe.psychopen.eu/index.php/cpe/article/view/12083",
    "10.32872/cpe.12083"
  ],
  "language": [
    "eng"
  ],
  "publisher": [
    "PsychOpen GOLD / Leibniz Institut for Psychology (ZPID)"
  ],
  "relation": [
    "https://cpe.psychopen.eu/index.php/cpe/article/view/12083/12083.pdf",
    "https://cpe.psychopen.eu/index.php/cpe/article/view/12083/12083.html",
    "https://cpe.psychopen.eu/index.php/cpe/article/view/12083/12083.xml"
  ],
  "rights": [
    "Copyright (c) 2024 Jón Ingi Hlynsson, Oskar Gustafsson, Per Carlbring",
    "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
  ],
  "source": [
    "Clinical Psychology in Europe; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024); 1-20",
    "2625-3410",
    "10.32872/cpe.v6i1"
  ],
  "subject": [
    "anxiety",
    "depression",
    "Russian–Ukrainian war",
    "uncertainty-inducing event",
    "clinical trial",
    "internet-based psychotherapy",
    "emotional disorders"
  ],
  "title": [
    "Uncertainty Breeds Anxiety and Depression: The Impact of the Russian Invasion in Ukraine on a Swedish Clinical Population Receiving Internet-Based Psychotherapy"
  ],
  "type": [
    "info:eu-repo/semantics/article",
    "info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"
  ]
}