{
  "creator": [
    "Ulrich, Raphaela",
    "Meyer, Thomas D.",
    "Andreas, Sylke",
    "Lex, Claudia"
  ],
  "date": [
    "2021-03-10"
  ],
  "description": [
    "Background: There is still a lack of knowledge about attitudes and cognitions that are related to bipolar disorder. Theoretically, it was proposed that exaggerated beliefs about the self, relationships, the need for excitement, and goal-related activities might lead to mania in vulnerable individuals, however, the few studies that examined this hypothesis provided mixed results. One of the unresolved issues is if such a cognitive style is associated with current mood symptoms or with different stages of the illness, i.e. at-risk versus diagnosed bipolar disorder. Therefore, the present study aimed at evaluating depression and mania-related cognitive style in individuals at-risk for mania. Method: In an online survey, we collected data of 255 students of the University of Klagenfurt, Austria. All participants completed the Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS), the Cognition Checklist for Mania – Revised (CCL-M-R), the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Internal State Scale (ISS). Results: In a hierarchical regression, HPS was positively related to scores of all subscales of the CCL-M-R. The HPS did not significantly predict scores of the DAS. Current manic and depressive symptoms significantly contributed to the models. Conclusion: The present results suggest that a trait-like risk for mania is associated with mania-related but not depression-related cognitions."
  ],
  "format": [
    "application/pdf",
    "text/html",
    "text/xml"
  ],
  "identifier": [
    "https://cpe.psychopen.eu/index.php/cpe/article/view/3733",
    "10.32872/cpe.3733"
  ],
  "language": [
    "eng"
  ],
  "publisher": [
    "PsychOpen GOLD / Leibniz Institut for Psychology (ZPID)"
  ],
  "relation": [
    "https://cpe.psychopen.eu/index.php/cpe/article/view/3733/3733.pdf",
    "https://cpe.psychopen.eu/index.php/cpe/article/view/3733/3733.html",
    "https://cpe.psychopen.eu/index.php/cpe/article/view/3733/3733.xml"
  ],
  "rights": [
    "Copyright (c) 2021 Raphaela Ulrich, Thomas D. Meyer, Sylke Andreas, Claudia Lex",
    "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
  ],
  "source": [
    "Clinical Psychology in Europe; Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021); 1-18",
    "2625-3410",
    "10.32872/cpe.v3i1"
  ],
  "subject": [
    "bipolar disorder",
    "hypomania",
    "hypomanic personality",
    "dysfunctional attitudes",
    "cognition",
    "vulnerability"
  ],
  "title": [
    "Dysfunctional Cognition in Individuals With an Increased Risk for Mania"
  ],
  "type": [
    "info:eu-repo/semantics/article",
    "info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"
  ]
}